What are VATA, PITTA and KAPHA , according to Ayurveda?

Vata
Vata dosha or constitution is governed by, dominant of five elements, Space and Air and hence responsible for body movements, nervous functions and breathing. There are 80 kinds of possible disturbances due to Vata aggravations. High Vata is indicated by a desire for warm food, warm environment, and warm clothing. Physical symptoms are constipation, lack of energy, loss of sleep, fatigue and abdominal distention with flatulence. Psychological symptoms are fear, anxiety, insecurity, confusion and aimless talking. Ailments such as body pain, stiffness, shivering etc. are some of the disturbances caused when the equilibrium of Vata dosha is disturbed.

Pitta
Pitta dosha is predominant by Fire of the five elements and represents circulatory system, governs mainly the enzymes and hormones. It is responsible for digestion, pigmentation, hunger, thirst, sight etc. Symptoms of high Pitta is indicated by a desire for cooling foods, cool environment and cool clothing. Physical symptoms are excessive hunger and thirst, burning sensations in the skin, eyes or hands. Hypersensitivity may develop in the form of allergic rashes or fever. Psychological factors of anger, rage, hatred and jealousy may increase. There are 40 kinds of possible disturbances in the body due to loss of equilibrium of the Pitta Dosha.

Kapha
Water and Earth elements are predominant in Kapha Dosha. It rules all the mucous surfaces of the body, as well as all fluids. It is responsible for the solid nature of the body, its sustenance and stability, strength, etc. There are 20 kinds of possible disturbances caused when the equilibrium of the Kapha Dosha is disturbed. High Kapha causes digestive disorders like lose of appetite, nausea, bloating or heaviness in the stomach. There is heaviness in the body as a whole along, cold hands and feet, and possible swollen joints. Mucus will increase along with cough, congestion and swollen glands. Other symptoms include excessive sleep, lethargy and lack of concentration. Mentally one feels dull and depressed. It includes diseases like mucous expectoration, hardening of the vessels, obesity, suppression of the digestive power etc.